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1983
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Described the need for a rational decision-making system applied to drug therapy
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1988
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Development of the Pharmacists Workup of Drug Therapy©
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1990
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Development of the Philosophy of Pharmaceutical Care
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1990
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Definition of drug therapy problems and development of categories and causes
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1992-1996
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Development and description of pharmaceutical care practice - Minnesota Pharmaceutical Care Project, 20 community practice sites
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1994
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Development of electronic records system to support pharmaceutical care practice and document the clinical and economic impact of the practice:
The Assurance Pharmaceutical Care Documentation System
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1995-2005
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Development of pharmaceutical care course sequence
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1998
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Proposed the Resource-based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) as the structure and system to determine reimbursement for pharmaceutical care services
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1998
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Published first book on Pharmaceutical Care Practice, describing the components of the practice and the clinical and economic impact
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1998-2004
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Developed and conducted training programs to teach pharmaceutical care practice to pharmacists, resulting in new practices and in two Pinnacle Awards from the American Pharmacists Association (EckerdCare and Fairview Pharmacy Service)
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1999-2005
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Trained international pharmacy practitioners and faculty in pharmaceutical care (South Africa, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Chile, Brazil, Ireland, Iceland)
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2004
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Concept of "The Patient's Medication Experience" developed
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2004
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Medicine Project provides pharmaceutical care to Leech Lake band of Ojibwe
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2004
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Published a textbook to teach students:
Pharmaceutical Care Practice: The Clinician's Guide
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2005
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Obtained CPT codes for services from the AMA
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2005
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State of Minnesota legislation: Medicaid-Medication Therapy Management recognizes pharmacists as health care providers and reimburses pharmacists for pharmaceutical care
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2005-2006
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Developing Web-based training program for pharmaceutical care practice
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2006
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Medicare Modernization Act requires medication therapy management services be provided to Medicare recipients
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